The Selected Markers of Development of Diabetes among HIV-positive Individuals Receiving Anti-Retroviral Treatment in Ghana; A Narrative Review of risk factors and determinants | The Columbia University Journal of Global Health

Abstract

Abstract

An increasing focus on the HIV epidemic and chronic diseases like diabetes has made it crucial to have a comprehensive understanding of the existing research on these subjects. This narrative review specifically examines the development of diabetes in HIV-positive individuals in Ghana who are undergoing antiretroviral treatment (ART). The review covers various aspects including the immuno-pathogenesis of HIV, randomized trials of ART, the occurrence of diabetes during ART, factors associated with diabetes after ART, prevalence of HIV-related illnesses in Ghana, socio-demographic characteristics, and behavioral characteristics. The analysis is based on 45 articles published between 2013 and 2023, written in English. The study reveals consistent links between determinants such as employment, immunological status, symptoms, depression, social support, and medication adherence among HIV-positive individuals. It emphasizes the need to integrate diabetic screening into existing HIV care programs, enhance healthcare provider training, involve community-based initiatives, and utilize technology to improve access to diabetic screening for HIV patients in Ghana. The objective of this study is to provide an overview of HIV research in Ghana, raise awareness about the increasing prevalence of diabetes among people living with HIV, identify any research gaps, and recommend new research themes to guide future interventions.

Keywords

Ghana, HIV-positive, Anti-Retroviral Treatment, Diabetes, Selected Markers, Socio-demographic and Behavioral factors